Instruments
Adult Adolescent Parenting Inventory (AAPI-2.1)
The Adult Adolescent Parenting Inventory (AAPI-2.1) is a 40-item self-reporting inventory that measures parental behaviors and is commonly used to assess the risk of child abuse and neglect. The AAPI-2.1 provides five subscales: expectations of children, parental empathy towards children's needs, use of corporal punishment, parent-child family roles, and children's power and independence. The instrument is offered in English, Spanish, Creole, and Arabic.
Category: Home and Community
Sub-Category: Parenting
Alabama Parenting Questionnaire
The Alabama Parenting Questionnaire is a 42-item self-reporting instrument that focuses on positive involvement with children, supervision and monitoring, use of positive discipline techniques, consistency in the use of discipline, and corporal punishment use. The instrument, designed for parents with children 6-18 years of age, can be used for pre- and post-treatment and is offered in both English and Spanish.
Category: Home and Community
Sub-Category: Parenting
Belonging Uncertainty Scale
The Belonging Uncertainty Scale is an assessment of an individual's worry that they do not fit into a certain group or setting. The 3 question items that constitute this scale are scored on a seven-point Likert scale.
Category: Student Well-Being
Sub-Category: Belonging
Grades: Post secondary
Caregiver Interaction Scale
The Caregiver Interaction Scale (CIS) is an instrument that measures parent and caregiver behaviors and interactions with children. The instrument consists of 26 items focused on sensitivity, harshness, detachment, and permissiveness. CIS was created in 1989 at the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill’s Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute and used in the evaluation of North Carolina’s Smart Start Initiative.
Category: Home and Community
Sub-Category: Parenting
CARE-Index
The CARE-Index is an observation instrument that measures mother-child interaction and is designed for children ages birth to 2 years. The instrument, which requires a short videotaped play interaction, provides sensitivity, control and unresponsiveness subscales for mothers and cooperativeness, compulsivity, difficultness, and passivity subscales for children.
Category: Home and Community
Sub-Category: Parenting
Child Caregiver Interaction Scale
The Child Caregiver Interaction Scale (CCIS), Revised Edition is an observation-based instrument created by Dr. Barbara Carl, Ph.D that assesses caregiver-child interaction. The 14 items are based upon the Developmentally Appropriate Practice position statements of the National Association for the Education of Young Children’s (NAEYC) and the National Health and Safety Performance Standards. The CCIS, which measures emotional, cognitive/physical, and social behaviors, is appropriate for children from birth to 5 years.
Category: Home and Community
Sub-Category: Parenting
Child Engagement Questionnaire (CEQ)
The Child Engagement Questionnaire (CEQ) measures the engagement of young children. Adults who know the child well complete the questionnaire. CEQ has 32 items on a four-point scale (1 not at all typical, 2 somewhat typical, 3 typical, 4 very typical). CEQ focuses on four domains: competence, persistence, undifferentiated behavior, and attention.
Category: Student Well-Being
Sub-Category: Belonging
Grades: Pre-Kindergarten
Child-Parent Relationship Scale (CPRS)
The Child-Parent Relationship Scale (CPRS) is an instrument developed at University of Virginia’s Curry School of Education and Human Development that assesses parents’ views of their relationship with their child. Created by Dr. Robert Pianta, Ph.D., the instrument consists of 30 items. There is also a short form with 15 items available.
Category: Home and Community
Sub-Category: Parenting
Classroom Belonging Measure
Student-reported sense of class cohesion, belonging, trust, and feeling heard.
Category: Student Well-Being
Sub-Category: Belonging
Grades: 9th Grade, 10th Grade, 11th Grade, 12th Grade, Post secondary
Cognia™ Student Engagement Survey
The Cognia™ Student Engagement Survey was designed to measure elementary, middle and high school student engagement through students’ responses to items about their learning experiences. The survey consists of items categorized into three components or domains of engagement: behavioral, cognitive and emotional (Fredricks et al., 2004). Behavioral engagement refers to a student’s efforts in the classroom (e.g., Connell & Wellborn, 1991), while cognitive engagement examines a student’s investment in learning (e.g., Fredricks et al., 2004), and emotional engagement measures a student’s emotions or feelings about the classroom and school in general (e.g., Finn & Rock, 1997; Voelkl,1997). Engagement is seen as having different levels (e.g., Crick, 2012), and, as such, each of the domains is further broken down into three categories of engagement quality: committed, compliant, and disengaged. Finally, each category consists of two distinct levels; thus, the committed category has an “invested” or “immersed” level; the compliant category has a “strategic” or “ritual” level; and the disengaged category has a “retreatism” or “rebellion” level.
This survey collects direct feedback from students regarding their level and quality of engagement in the learning process; at the same time, it assesses how much they enjoy school on a variety of practical and actionable levels.
The Cognia™ Student Engagement Survey is specifically designed to provide a useful summary of the detailed information represented from students’ collective responses and provide information about their opinions regarding their engagement in their learning environments.
Category: Student Well-Being
Sub-Category: Belonging
Grades: 3rd Grade, 4th Grade, 5th Grade, 6th Grade, 7th Grade, 8th Grade, 9th Grade, 10th Grade, 11th Grade, 12th Grade
Dyadic Parent-Child Interaction Coding System (DPICS)
The Dyadic Parent-Child Interaction Coding System (DPICS) is a system that assesses parent-child interactions. The instrument can be used to measure ongoing progress as well as pre- and post-treatment outcomes. The DPICS can be completed in under an hour without video equipment.
Category: Home and Community
Sub-Category: Parenting
Emotional Availability Scales
The Emotional Availability Scales (EA Scales) measures the quality of parent-child or adult-child interactions. Emotional availability refers to “the adult’s ‘receptive presence’ to the child’s emotional signals” (Biringen and Easterbrooks, 2012). Created by Dr. Zeynep Biringen, Ph.D., in 1987, the instrument is currently in its 4th edition. The EA Scales consist of both adult and child subscales and can be completed in approximately 20 minutes.
Category: Home and Community
Sub-Category: Parenting
Family Empowerment Scale (FES)
The Family Empowerment Scale (FES) measures empowerment in families whose children have emotional disabilities. The 34 items of the FES questionnaire focus on the level of empowerment (with respect to the family, service system, and larger community and political environment) and the way empowerment is expressed (attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors).
Category: Home and Community
Sub-Category: Parenting
Healthy Families Parenting Inventory (HFPI)
The Healthy Families Parenting Inventory (HFPI) is a self-reporting instrument that measures nine parenting domains: social support, problem-solving, depression, personal care, mobilizing resources, role satisfaction, parent/child interaction, home environment, and parenting efficacy. The instrument, which contains 63 items, is often used for assessing home visitation early childhood programs.
Category: Home and Community
Sub-Category: Parenting
Identification with School Questionnaire (ISQ)
The Identification with School Questionnaire includes 16 Likert-scale items assessing students' identification with or disidentification from school.
Category: Student Well-Being
Sub-Category: Belonging
Grades: 6th Grade, 7th Grade, 8th Grade
Keys to Interactive Parenting Scale (KIPS)
The Keys to Interactive Parenting Scale (KIPS) is an observation-based instrument that assesses parent-child interaction during play. The instrument has been rated “A-Reliability and Validity Demonstrated” by California Evidence-Based Clearinghouse and recommended by Parents As Teachers, Healthy Families America, SafeCare, and WAVE Trust & Department for Education, United Kingdom. The observation portion of KIPS, which helps measure 12 key parenting behaviors, can be completed in 15 minutes, while scoring takes approximately 20 minutes.
Category: Home and Community
Sub-Category: Parenting
National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health)
The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) is a school-based longitudinal study of a nationally representative sample of adolescents in grades 7-12 in the United States in 1994-95 that includes several items related to students' sense of belonging (e.g., “I feel like I am part of this school” and “I feel close to people at this school”).
Category: Student Well-Being
Sub-Category: Belonging
Grades: 7th Grade, 8th Grade, 9th Grade, 10th Grade, 11th Grade, 12th Grade
Parent Behavior Checklist
The Parent Behavior Checklist (PBC) is a self-reporting instrument designed for parents with children 1-4 years years old. The instrument, which only takes 10-20 minutes to complete, provides expectations, nurturing, and discipline subscales.
Category: Home and Community
Sub-Category: Parenting
Parent Education Profile (PEP)
The Parent Education Profile (PEP) is a 75-item observation instrument that measures 15 subdomains. The instrument, which is designed for children from birth to 8 years old, measures parents' behavior related to children's literacy skills. The PEP is available in both English and Spanish.
Category: Home and Community
Sub-Category: Parenting
Parent Reading Belief Inventory (PRBI)
The Parent Reading Belief Inventory (PRBI) is a self-reporting instrument that assess parents' beliefs about the frequency, quality, and importance of their child's literacy activities. The 42-item instrument provides seven subscales: positive affect, verbal participation, resources, teaching efficacy, knowledge base, environmental input, and reading instruction.
Category: Home and Community
Sub-Category: Parenting
Parent Success Indicator (PSI)
The Parent Success Indicator (PSI) is a self-reporting instrument that assess parental behavior, specifically related to communication, use of time, teaching, frustration, satisfaction, and information needs. The PSI is designed for parents with children 10-14 years of age and offers a child survey as well. English and Spanish versions of the instrument are available.
Category: Home and Community
Sub-Category: Parenting
Parent-Child Relationship Inventory (PCRI)
The Parent-Child Relationship Inventory (PCRI) is an instrument for parents to assess their relationship with their children. The instrument, which contains 78 items, has been standardized on over 1,100 parents in the United States. The PCRI can be completed in 15 to 20 minutes.
Category: Home and Community
Sub-Category: Parenting
Parent-Infant Relational Assessment Tool (PIRAT)
The Parent-Infant Relational Assessment Tool (PIRAT) is an observation instrument that rates parent-child interactions for children ages birth to 2 years. The PIRAT measures optimal parental behavior and can be used as a risk assessment by health professionals. The instrument was developed as part of the Parent-Infant Project at the Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families.
Category: Home and Community
Sub-Category: Parenting
Parenting Interactions with Children: Checklist of Observations Linked to Outcomes
The Parenting Interactions with Children: Checklist of Observations Linked to Outcomes (PICCOLO™) is an observation instrument that covers four parenting behavior domains: affection, responsiveness, encouragement, and teaching. The instrument is designed for children from 10 months to 4 years old and is available in both English and Spanish.
Category: Home and Community
Sub-Category: Parenting
Parenting Sense of Competence Scale (PSOC)
The Parenting Sense of Competence Scale (PSOC) is a self-reporting instrument that measures and assesses parent self-efficacy. The instrument, designed for parents with children birth-17 years of age, was originally developed by Gibaud-Wallston and Wandersman (1978) with skill knowledge and value competence subscales but has been translated and revised by Johnston and Marsh (1989) for use with older children.
Category: Home and Community
Sub-Category: Parenting
Psychological Sense of School Membership Scale (PSSM)
The Psychological Sense of School Membership includes 18-items that measure adolescent students' perceived belonging or psychological membership in the school environment.
Category: Student Well-Being
Sub-Category: Belonging
Grades: 5th Grade, 6th Grade, 7th Grade, 8th Grade, 9th Grade, 10th Grade, 11th Grade, 12th Grade
School Belongingness Scale (SBS)
The School Belongingness Scale (SBS) is a 10-item measure of students' sense of belonging in the school as a whole as well as their relationships with teachers and peers. The measure includes items related to "Social Exclusion" and "Social Acceptance."
Category: Student Well-Being
Sub-Category: Belonging
Sense of Social and Academic Fit
The Sense of Social Fit Scale is a 17-item measure that assesses how much a person feels they belong in a group, such as a school, club, or academic department.
Category: Student Well-Being
Sub-Category: Belonging
Grades: 6th Grade, 7th Grade, 8th Grade, 9th Grade, 10th Grade, 11th Grade, 12th Grade, Post secondary
Student Engagement Instrument (SEI)
The Student Engagement Instrument (SEI) is a 35-item (secondary) or 31-items (elementary) instrument that measures various components of student engagement, including teacher-student relationships which may provide insights into students' sense of belonging at school.
Category: Student Well-Being
Sub-Category: Belonging
Grades: Kindergarten, 1st Grade, 2nd Grade, 3rd Grade, 4th Grade, 5th Grade, 6th Grade, 7th Grade, 8th Grade, 9th Grade, 10th Grade, 11th Grade, 12th Grade
The Cleminshaw-Guidubaldi Parent Satisfaction Scale
The Cleminshaw-Guidubaldi Parent Satisfaction Scale is a 50-item self-reporting instrument that measures satisfaction with child-rearing skills. The instrument, which is designed for parents with children birth-18 years of age, contains five subscales: spouse support, child-parent relationship, parent performance, family discipline and control, and general satisfaction subscales.
Category: Home and Community
Sub-Category: Parenting
The Cornell Cooperative Extension (CCE) Parent Education Data Collection System
The Cornell Cooperative Extension Parent Education Data Collection System is a tool used for Cornell Cooperative Extension parenting education classes. Items on the pre- and post- surveys are taken from national surveys such as the Three Cities Study and the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to ensure validity and reliability. The instrument has been utilized to evaluate Home Visitation Programs, Incredible Years Program, Magic Years Program, and the Strengthening Families Program in New York state.
Category: Home and Community
Sub-Category: Parenting
The Hemingway Measure of Adolescent Connectedness
The full 78-item Hemingway includes 15 ecological subscales measuring three domains of adolescent connectedness - connectedness to self, connectedness to others, and connectedness to society.
Category: Student Well-Being
Sub-Category: Belonging
Grades: 6th Grade, 7th Grade, 8th Grade, 9th Grade, 10th Grade, 11th Grade, 12th Grade
The Home Observation Measurement of the Environment-Short Form (HOME-SF)
The Home Observation Measurement of the Environment-Short Form (HOME-SF) is an observation instrument commonly used to measure the home environment of children ages birth to 15 years old. The HOME-SF is an abridged version of the HOME inventory, which is twice the length, and contains mother-reported items. The HOME-SF provides cognitive stimulation and emotional support subscores along with the total score.
Category: Home and Community
Sub-Category: Parenting
The Scale for Teachers' Assessment of Routines Engagement (STARE)
The Scale for Teachers’ Assessment of Routines Engagement (STARE) documents teachers’ perspectives of a child’s engagement in classroom activities. Suitable for both typically developing children and children with disabilities, STARE focuses on how much time the child was engaged with adults, peers, and materials (toys, art supplies, environment in general). In addition, STARE explores how complex the engagement was. STARE is completed after a specific classroom activity and takes about 20 seconds. The STARE can be completed as frequently as necessary.
Category: Student Well-Being
Sub-Category: Belonging
Grades: < 3 Years, Pre-Kindergarten
The School Success Profile (SSP)
The SSP, available in both English and Spanish, is an online survey questionnaire with 195 multiple-choice items. These items address students’ beliefs about their social environment—neighborhoods, schools, friends, and families—and about their own physical and psychological health and school performance (individual adaptation). The survey is divided into six modules: About You (6 items), Neighborhood (26 items), School (54 items), Friends (25 items), Family (45 items), and Health and Well-Being (39 items).
Category: Student Well-Being
Sub-Category: Belonging
Grades: 6th Grade, 7th Grade, 8th Grade, 9th Grade, 10th Grade, 11th Grade, 12th Grade
The Social Connectedness Scale
The Social Connectedness Scale includes 8 items and measures students' sense of connectedness, affiliation, and companionship to provide a broad picture of belongingness. The authors have an accompanying Social Assurance scale (which measures students' sense of companionship and affiliation) often administered in tandem with the Social Connectedness Scale.
Category: Student Well-Being
Sub-Category: Belonging
Grades: Post secondary
Tool to Measure Parenting Self-Efficacy (TOPSE)
The Tool to Measure Parenting Self-Efficacy (TOPSE) is a UK-developed instrument that assesses six parenting domains: emotion and affection, play and enjoyment, empathy and understanding, control, discipline and boundary setting, pressures of parenting self-acceptance and learning and knowledge. The instrument is designed to be completed on the first session and last session of a parenting program.
Category: Home and Community
Sub-Category: Parenting
University of Idaho Survey of Parenting Practice (UISPP)
The University of Idaho Survey of Parenting Practice (UISPP) is a self-reporting instrument that parents can complete to measure the effect of a parenting education program. The UISPP was created for the purpose of the "Parents as Teachers" program and assesses the knowledge, confidence, skills, and behaviors of parents. The instrument is available in both English and Spanish.
Category: Home and Community
Sub-Category: Parenting
Zarit Burden Inventory (ZBI)
The Zarit Burden Inventory (ZBI) is a self-report instrument that measures the level of burden that principal caregivers experience. Originally developed for caregivers of persons with dementia, ZBI is now used with various types of caregivers, including parents of children with health, behavioral, and developmental problems. The current full version, ZBI-22, has 22 items, each using a 5-point Likert-type scale. Shorter versions exist; see Yu et al. (2019) in the psychometric references below.
Category: Home and Community
Sub-Category: Parenting
Grades: < 3 Years, Pre-Kindergarten, Kindergarten, 1st Grade, 2nd Grade, 3rd Grade, 4th Grade, 5th Grade, 6th Grade, 7th Grade, 8th Grade, 9th Grade, 10th Grade, 11th Grade, 12th Grade, Post secondary